Eye specialists have called on people to be extra vigilant over the Halloween period, as illegal fireworks are the main cause of eye injuries at this time of year.

"In Ireland, each Halloween, fireworks cause devastating eye injuries resulting in permanent vision loss and often requiring staged surgery to the affected eye. Many injuries occur due to the malfunction of illegal fireworks, which either explode immediately after being lit or take an erratic path and hit bystanders," said Dr Kevin Tempany, consultant ophthalmologist at the Vista eye clinic.

Eye injuries at Halloween are the second most common injury from fireworks in Ireland and most carry long-term effects. The average age of the injured is between 10 and 13 years, according to Dr Tempany.

Dr Tempany said that even the seemingly harmless variety of fireworks, such as sparklers, can heat up to five times hotter than cooking oil and should not be used by children under five years old.

"If an eye injury occurs, I recommend that you seek immediate medical attention. Do not rub the eye, cover the area with a protective foam cup and bring the patient immediately to the nearest eye casualty," he said.

Meanwhile, the HSE has also called on parents and young people to be extra vigilant in relation to safety during the Halloween period. It has reminded people that fireworks are illegal in Ireland, with the exception of licensed displays. According to the HSE, most of the illegal fireworks and bangers on sale in markets and from street traders throughout the country are sub-standard and liable to cause injury.

The HSE also issued a warning about the dangers of bonfires.

"Halloween is the busiest time of the year for the fire services and is extremely hectic for ambulance and hospital services.  Parents are advised to ensure their children are aware of the dangers of bonfires and children should be accompanied to official bonfires," the HSE said in a statement.

Parents have also been advised to ensure that their children are accompanied by an appropriate adult while visiting houses to seek Halloween treats.