Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a recognised treatment option for patients with movement disorders, particularly Parkinson’s disease. There has been an exponential rise in the number of patients with a DBS device in situ in Ireland and therefore a corresponding need for extra safety considerations in the wider...

Significant advances have been made in recent years in terms of disease-modifying treatment of multiple sclerosis. A large number of new treatments are now available. These can prevent clinical relapses, new lesions on imaging, and evidence suggests, significant delay time to progressive disease.¹

However,...

Migraine is the most common headache disorder seen in general practice. Patients may experience episodic or chronic symptoms, the latter associated with significant disability and a major impact on quality of life. There can be a component of overuse of painkillers or analgesics in patients with more chronic...

Current research has shown that the drug apomorphine is effective for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, however there are advantages and disadvantages to its use. While apomorphine has a rapid onset of action and benefits patients in reducing motor fluctuations and the number of daily ‘off’ periods,...

Levodopa is the most efficacious medication for symptomatic treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD).¹ The early symptoms and signs of Parkinson’s disease (resting tremor, bradykinesia and rigidity) are usually correctable by levodopa and dopamine agonists.² However, the oral bioavailability of levodopa is erratic...