Pharmacists are encouraging people to take the necessary steps to prevent getting a cold or the flu over the Christmas period.

The Irish Pharmacy Union (IPU) has outlined a number of tips to assist the public and is encouraging people to get the flu vaccine, if they have not already done so.

Rory O'Donnell, President of the Irish Pharmacy Union (IPU) said colds and flu have very similar symptoms such as stuffy nose, cough, sore throat and fever.

A cold builds up gradually while the flu attacks the body suddenly and lasts much longer than a cold. In some cases the flu may lead to serious complications such as pneumonia, Mr O'Donnell said.

Prevention tips include:

* Get the flu vaccine - Get the flu vaccination from your local pharmacist or GP. This prevents getting the flu which has severe symptoms and can last up to two weeks.
* Wash your hands - Wash your hands regularly to eliminate the spread of germs and keep your family safe.
* Drink plenty of water - Drink at least eight glasses of water a day. Water keeps your digestive system working well, and flushes the system.
* Keep a healthy lifestyle - Getting adequate sleep, good nutrition and physical exercise can help ensure your immune system is in good condition and ready to fight infection if it occurs.
* Control stress - People experiencing stress tend to have weakened immune systems and are more likely to catch a cold.
* Limit exposure to infected people - If possible, avoid contact with people who you know to have a cold or flu.

The IPU says medicines that can be taken to relieve symptoms include: nasal decongestants; cough suppressants; expectorants to loosen mucus; antihistamines to help stop a runny nose and sneezing; and pain relievers to ease fever, headaches and minor aches.