People are being reminded of the importance of only using antibiotics when they are absolutely necessary.

According to the Irish Pharmacy Union (IPU), at this time of the year, many people are battling coughs, colds and flu, however antibiotics should not be used as a first line of defence for these illnesses.

Using antibiotics when they are not necessary means that they may not work when you really need them. Antibiotics do not work against viral illnesses.

"Even if you feel miserable, the simple truth is that antibiotics don't work on colds and flus or most coughs and sore throats. Most viral infections will clear up by themselves. Your local pharmacist, who is a qualified healthcare professional, can advise you on what you can do to feel better," commented IPU president, Kathy Maher.

She reminded people that the overuse of antibiotics can lead to bacteria becoming resistant to these drugs.

"Taking an antibiotic when it's not clearly needed makes it more likely that a future infection may be caused by a resistant bacteria, which will be more difficult to treat.

"Antibiotics need to be respected as a precious life-saving medicine to be used sparingly and appropriately and only when absolutely necessary. The overuse and misuse of antibiotics is harmful to the future health of all of us and is putting patients at risk," Ms Maher insisted.

She offered the following advice:

-Do not take antibiotics for colds and flu
-If you are prescribed antibiotics, take them exactly as directed and finish the full course even if you are feeling better
-Never share antibiotics with others
-Never save antibiotics for later use.

Ms Maher also encouraged people to get vaccinated against the flu. The flu vaccine is available from GPs and pharmacists. The flu season runs from October until April.

"Serious respiratory complications can develop as a result of the flu, including pneumonia and bronchitis. In these instances, it is likely a GP will need to prescribe an antibiotic. The flu vaccination is the best way to reduce the chances that you will get seasonal flu," Ms Maher added.

For more information on dealing with common illnesses, such as coughs, colds and sore throats, click here