Heartburn affects 51% of adults in Ireland, however almost half of these have never discussed their symptoms with a healthcare practitioner, a new survey has revealed.

The survey of 1,000 people aged 18 and older, which was carried out last month, revealed that one-third of people affected by heartburn experience symptoms on a weekly basis or more often.

Heartburn occurs when gastric acid passes from the stomach back up into the oesophagus (gullet) because the lower oesophageal sphincter has not closed tightly enough.

One of the main irritants in gastric acid is hydrochloric acid, which is a strong acid. The stomach has a special lining that prevents this acid from damaging it but the gullet has no such lining. Therefore when the gastric acid flows back into the oesophagus, the lining of it becomes inflamed due to the burning effect of the hydrochloric acid.

Typical symptoms of heartburn include a burning feeling behind the breastbone and an acidic taste in the mouth.

The survey found that the top three triggers for heartburn are eating rich and spicy foods, eating to excess and being overweight. Stress was also a trigger for at least one in four people.

It also found that among those affected, 53% feel that heartburn has a negative impact on their lifestyle, 31% admitted that it disturbs their sleep and 24% have to restrict the foods that they eat.

Meanwhile the survey noted that the vast majority of people - 97% - use antacids as a treatment, even though this may not be appropriate for them. As many as four in 10 people are unaware of other treatments for heartburn that are also available.

According to GP, Dr Ciara Kelly, most people will experience heartburn at some point and it is often not a cause for concern, however frequent heartburn that occurs at least twice a week ‘should not be taken lightly'.

"If you are suffering from heartburn twice a week or more, my recommendation is to discuss your symptoms with your local pharmacist or GP to ensure you are benefitting from the appropriate treatment.

"Heartburn is a progressive disease and can worsen if not treated properly. Over time, the backflow of acid can cause damage to the lining of the oesophagus and can cause serious medical conditions. Happily, the majority of cases can be improved through appropriate treatment," Dr Kelly explained.

The survey was carried out as part of Heartburn Awareness Week, which runs until October 25. The event aims to raise awareness of heartburn and encourage those affected to consult their pharmacist or GP about appropriate treatments.