Prevention is better than cure and this is particularly true when it comes to our eyes. Nowadays, advances in technology mean that health issues that could affect our sight can be identified and treated before they become a serious problem.

Digital retinal screening is one method of detecting potentially sight threatening, and in some cases, life threatening, conditions.

Digital retinal screening is conducted with a fundus camera, a specialised microscope which takes a digital image of the eye's retina - the light sensitive layer that lines the interior of the eye.

The color photograph provides detailed images of the various structures of the retina and can show abnormalities that may threaten normal vision.

While optometrists are trained to spot a range of health conditions as part of an eye examination, the use of the fundus camera broadens this testing process, enabling the detection of signs of conditions such as glaucoma, diabetes, inflammatory disorders and age-related macular degeneration. These can all lead to serious vision problems, including blindness, therefore early detection is essential.

For example, according to the Irish College of Ophthalmologists, glaucoma is currently considered a major cause of preventable blindness.

Glaucoma is not a single disorder, but is the name given to a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve. This can result in serious vision loss over time. Since this vision loss is permanent, glaucoma needs to be diagnosed and appropriately treated as early as possible to prevent further damage to vision.

"With early detection and the correct treatment, the risk of losing your sight is low. Protect yourself and have yourself checked every two years if over the age of 40," the college said.

However, the fundus camera is also able to detect other potentially life threatening conditions, including brain tumours, high blood pressure and heart disease.

"The fundus camera can play a vital role in the early diagnosis and management of many conditions, which can lead to blindness if not detected at an early stage. The camera broadens the testing process to deliver a more in-depth health assessment for the customer," explained Paul Carroll, director of professional services for Specsavers.

The optician chain recently announced the installation of this digital retinal screening service in all 39 of its stores nationwide. The service is offered at no additional cost as part of a standard eye examination for customers over the age of 40, or in cases where an optician or GP recommends it.

"Our eyesight changes over time so it's vital that people come in for an eye examination at least once every two years. That's even more important for higher risk groups, like the over 60s, people with diabetes and people with a family history of glaucoma," Mr Carroll added.

The patient can view the image taken of their eye, which helps them gain a greater understanding of the test. The results are then retained as a record to help monitor any changes over a prolonged period.